Bleeding gums are a common dental issue characterized by blood coming from the gum tissue, often noticed during brushing or flossing. This symptom usually indicates inflammation of the gums, known as gingivitis, which is an early stage of gum disease caused by the buildup of plaque along the gum line. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth and can irritate the gums, leading to redness, swelling, and bleeding. If gingivitis is not addressed, it can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can cause gum recession, bone loss, and tooth loss. Other causes of bleeding gums include improper brushing or flossing techniques that damage gum tissue, vitamin deficiencies (such as vitamin C or K), hormonal changes (especially during pregnancy), certain medications like blood thinners, and systemic conditions such as diabetes or blood disorders. Treatment for bleeding gums focuses on improving oral hygiene and addressing any underlying causes. Brushing teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush, flossing regularly, and using an antimicrobial mouthwash can help reduce plaque buildup and inflammation. A professional dental cleaning may be necessary to remove tartar and plaque from areas that are difficult to reach with regular brushing. For more severe cases, treatments such as scaling and root planing may be required. Additionally, addressing any nutritional deficiencies or systemic health issues is important. If bleeding persists despite good oral hygiene practices, it is important to consult a dental professional for further evaluation and management.
